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Antarctica, the continent around the South Pole, is one of the seven continents of the earth. Located at the southern tip of the earth, surrounded by antarctic ocean, [11] there are Billings-Gaojin Sea, Ross Sea, amundsen sea and Weddell Sea on the edge. Antarctica consists of mainland, continental ice and islands, with a total area of 14.245 million square kilometers, including 12.393 million square kilometers of mainland, 1.582 million square kilometers of continental ice and 76,000 square kilometers of islands. The whole territory is a plateau with an average elevation of 2350 meters, which is the continent with the highest average elevation in the world.
The continent is almost completely covered by glaciers, accounting for more than 80% of the global modern ice cover area. Continental glaciers extend from the center to the sea, forming a huge Ross ice barrier, with icebergs floating around the sea.
Only 2% of the whole continent is not covered with snow and ice for many years, and animals and plants can survive. The climate is extremely cold, and the extreme minimum temperature reached -89.2℃(1983). The wind speed is generally 17-18 meters per second, and the maximum is more than 90 meters per second. It is the coldest, stormiest and windiest land in the world. The average annual precipitation in the whole continent is 55 mm, there is almost no precipitation near the pole, and the air is very dry, which is called "white desert".
In the Antarctic circle, there are continuous polar days in the warm season and continuous polar nights in the cold season, and there are gorgeous arc auroras. Animals include penguins, walruses, sea lions and albatrosses. The nearby sea produces Antarctic cod, bigmouth fish, etc., and krill production is the largest in the world. The discovered minerals include coal, oil, natural gas, gold, silver, nickel, molybdenum, manganese, iron, copper and uranium, which are mainly distributed in the Antarctic Peninsula and coastal islands.
There are no settled residents in the whole continent, only scientific researchers and whaling teams from all over the world. China's Antarctic expedition team consists of China Antarctic Great Wall Station, China Antarctic Zhongshan Station, China Antarctic Kunlun Station and China Antarctic taishan station Station.
